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We all know Josef Albers for his austere formalist explorations into the relationships between concentric squares, such as those in his best-known series of paintings, “Homage to the Square.” But what’s less known about the one-time Bauhaus instructor is that while each of his paintings took only a few hours to complete, in preparation for those paintings, he executed many meticulous studies. While these studies were never shown during Albers’s lifetime, and rarely shown since his death in 1976, the Morgan Library and Museum has an exhibition of some 80 surprisingly lush and brilliant examples on view through Oct. 14. Created during the four decades after Albers left Nazi Germany, and in contrast to the artist’s strict geometric paintings, these loose and experimental studies show Albers’s sensual side.